Hammering Screws: Anchoring With Hammer Or Screwdriver?

Drywall anchors are used to hang items such as framed pictures, mirrors, clocks, and shelving on walls. They are designed to be placed directly into the drywall, allowing you to hang heavy items without the fear of slippage or damage. To install a drywall anchor, you first need to drill a pilot hole in the wall. The next step is to place the anchor in the pilot hole and tap it into the wall until it is completely inserted. A rubber mallet is recommended for this task. Finally, use a screwdriver to drive the screw securely into the anchor.

Selecting the proper anchor screw

Wall Type

The type of wall you are working on will determine the type of anchor screw you need. There are three main types of walls: plaster, drywall, and masonry. Plaster walls are usually solid, while drywall is hollow and made of compressed gypsum and paper backing. Masonry walls are made of concrete, brick, or stone.

Weight of the Item

Consider the weight of the item you will be hanging. Different anchor screws have varying weight capacities. For instance, plastic drywall anchors are suitable for lightweight items, while metal and toggle anchors are better for heavier objects.

Anchor Screw Types

Plastic Ribbed or Screw-In Anchors

Plastic ribbed anchors have a sharp thread, a pointed tip on one end, and a flange on the other to prevent them from being pulled through the wall. They are typically used for lightweight items such as picture frames, small shelves, or light fixtures.

Molly Bolts or Anchor Screws

Molly bolts have a metal sleeve with a screw attached to one end and a toggle at the other. The metal sleeve expands when inserted into the wall, providing a secure and stable anchor. They are suitable for medium-weight objects that need more support, such as small shelves or light fixtures.

Self-Drilling Anchors

Self-drilling anchors are ideal for projects that require drilling through drywall. They have sharp teeth that eliminate the need for pre-drilling. However, be careful not to overtighten them as it can damage the drywall.

Strap Toggle Anchors and Bolts

Strap toggle anchors have a spring-loaded winged nut that locks in place behind the wall, preventing them from pulling out. They are more challenging to install but offer excellent weight-bearing capacity.

Butterfly Drywall Anchors

Butterfly drywall anchors combine the benefits of expansion and threaded anchors with the added security of a molly bolt. They have a winged casing that expands behind the wall and are typically used for lighter ceiling items.

Drill Bit Size

When installing anchor screws, it is crucial to select the correct drill bit size. The drill bit should be slightly smaller than the anchor screw's diameter. For example, a 1/2-inch concrete anchor screw requires a 1/2-inch drill bit.

Installation Process

The installation process varies depending on the type of anchor screw. Some anchor screws require pre-drilling, while others can be inserted directly into the wall. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for the specific type of anchor screw you are using.

Installing an expansion anchor

Step 1: Prepare the Tools and Materials

Before starting, gather the necessary tools and materials. You will need a hammer drill, a carbide-tipped drill bit that meets ANSI standards, a wire brush, a vacuum, and a single expansion anchor. The drill bit should be of the correct size for the anchor you are using—refer to the technical specifications or the anchor's packaging for the required diameter.

Step 2: Drill the Hole

Using the hammer drill and the appropriate drill bit, drill a hole into the base material (e.g., concrete, brick, or block). The hole should be at least equal to the anchor's length, and deeper holes often result in better holding values. Use the depth gauge on the hammer drill or wrap tape around the bit to ensure consistent hole depth.

Step 3: Clean the Hole

Before installing the anchor, clean the hole of any dust and debris. Use a wire brush in an up-and-down motion, followed by vacuuming. You may need to repeat this process to ensure the hole is clean. Compressed air can also be used, but it may create excess dust.

Step 4: Insert the Anchor

Hold the anchor by its open end and insert the end with the expansion cone into the drilled hole. You may need to gently tap the anchor with a hammer to ensure it is flush with the surface of the base material.

Step 5: Prepare the Fixture

Place the fixture or item you are anchoring over the anchor, lining up the holes. Select a machine-threaded bolt that is the proper length—it should be equal to the thickness of the material being fastened, plus the depth of the anchor's embedment.

Step 6: Secure the Bolt

Insert the bolt through the fixture and into the anchor. Turn the bolt clockwise until the anchor is fully set. Be careful not to over-tighten the bolt, as this may reduce its holding capacity.

Additional Tips:

• Single expansion anchors are suitable for use in concrete, brick, block, and even soft masonry or questionable base materials.
• Always clean the hole thoroughly and ensure it is free of debris before inserting the anchor.
• When tapping the anchor with a hammer, be gentle to avoid damaging the anchor or the base material.
• Choose a bolt that is the correct length and suitable for the thickness of the material being fastened.

Installing a threaded anchor screw

Select the Appropriate Drill Bit:

Start by consulting the instructions on the drywall anchor package to choose the correct size of drill bit. If you don't have the instructions, you can estimate the bit size by comparing it to the shaft of the anchor. It's generally recommended to use a smaller bit than you think you need; you can always enlarge the hole later if necessary.

Drill the Pilot Hole:

Fit the selected drill bit into your drill. Hold the drill at a 90-degree angle to the wall and drill straight into the drywall to create a precise pilot hole. This hole should be slightly smaller than the anchor you'll be using. You can also create a pilot hole using alternative tools like an awl, a hammer and nail-set, or even a Phillips-head screwdriver if you don't have access to a drill.

Tap the Anchor into the Hole:

Take your threaded anchor and gently tap it into the pilot hole using a hammer. Make sure the anchor is flush with the drywall before proceeding. If the anchor is difficult to insert, don't force it. Instead, remove it and drill a slightly larger hole, then try inserting a new anchor.

Twist the Anchor:

Place a Phillips or flat-head screwdriver into the notched head of the anchor. Turn the anchor clockwise, applying firm but not excessive pressure. Continue turning until the anchor is flush with the drywall paper. Be careful not to twist too hard, or you may strip the head of the anchor.

Add the Screw:

Once the anchor is securely in place, add the provided screw. Drive the screw into the anchor using a screwdriver or a drill. Ensure that it's tightened securely, but be careful not to overtighten it.

Additional Tips:

• When working with drywall, it's important to choose the right type of anchor for your specific project. Different types of anchors, such as plastic ribbed anchors, molly bolts, and self-drilling anchors, are suited for different weight ranges.
• Always consider the weight limitations of the anchors and the items you're hanging. Distribute the weight evenly by using multiple anchors for heavy items.
• If you're hanging very heavy items, it's recommended to screw into at least one wall stud in addition to using drywall anchors.

Installing a molly bolt

Step 1: Get Organised

First, you'll need to gather the necessary tools and materials. Make sure you have a molly bolt and a suitable screw, which can be purchased at any hardware store. It's also helpful to have a marker or chalk, a drill, and a screwdriver. Clear the work area to ensure you have enough space to move around without any obstructions or distractions, especially from children or pets.

Step 2: Prepare the Area

Find the appropriate spot on the hollow wall to hang your item. It's a good idea to get someone to help you hold the object to ensure you've chosen the right location. This step is crucial to avoid damaging the wall by drilling unnecessary holes. Use a measuring tape if needed to find the centre, ensuring the object will hang at the right height and position. Mark the chosen spot with a marker or chalk.

Step 3: Drill the Spot

Using your drill, create a hole at the marked spot. Ensure the hole is slightly larger than the anchor to avoid getting the bolt stuck. If the hole is too small, the bolt may get stuck, and removing it without damaging the wall can be challenging. If this happens, you may need to use pliers to dislodge the anchor.

Step 4: Install the Bolt

Insert the screw into the molly bolt and push it into the drilled hole. Then, use a screwdriver to screw the bolt in place. You can use a manual or electric screwdriver for this step. Be careful not to overtighten the screw. The molly bolt will flare out at the back of the wall, creating a secure anchor.

Step 5: Hang the Object

With the molly bolt securely in place, you can now hang your desired object. Ensure that the weight of the object does not exceed the bolt's weight limit to prevent any damage to the wall.

Safety Considerations:

Always consider the weight of the object you plan to hang and choose the appropriate type of anchor to match. Molly bolts are suitable for moderate weights, typically in the range of 25 to 50 pounds. For heavier items, consider using toggle bolts or other heavy-duty anchors. Additionally, when drilling, always wear protective gear, including eye protection and gloves, to avoid injury.

Using a hammer to install anchors

Hammer Drive Anchors

Hammer drive anchors are best suited for light-duty fastening and can be used in concrete, brick, and block base materials. The installation process for this type of anchor is completed in four steps. First, use a hammer drill and a carbide-tipped drill bit to drill a hole in the base material that is 1/4" deeper than the expected embedment of the hammer drive anchor. Next, clean out the hole of any debris. Then, insert the anchor through the hole in the fixture and into the hole in the base material. Finally, use a hammer to hit the nail into the hammer drive anchor until the head is flush with the top of the anchor.

Hollow Wall Anchors

Hollow wall anchors, also known as "molly bolts," require a pilot hole to be drilled before installation. After drilling the pilot hole, tap the anchor into the drywall using a hammer, ensuring the head is flush with the wall. Then, insert a screwdriver and tighten the central screw. As you tighten the screw, the collars on the backside of the anchor will spread out and clamp the wall tightly.

Plastic Expansion Anchors

Plastic expansion anchors are the cheapest and most basic type of drywall anchor. They are best used for hanging lightweight items such as small framed paintings or anything under 10 lbs. To install a plastic expansion anchor, simply slip the plastic shaft inside the pilot hole and press firmly until it is seated. When the included mounting screw is inserted, the tip of the anchor will flare out, preventing it from coming out of the drywall.

Sleeve Anchors

Sleeve anchors are another type of anchor that can be installed using a hammer. To install a sleeve anchor, push the sleeve into the hole by hand. If the sleeve is tight, gently tap it with a hammer until it is flush with the drywall. Drill the screw into the sleeve using a drill or manual screwdriver.

It is important to note that some types of anchors, such as self-drilling anchors and threaded drywall anchors, do not require a hammer for installation. Always refer to the manufacturer's instructions to determine the correct tools and installation method for the specific type of anchor you are using.

Frequently asked questions