
When building a deck, choosing the right screw size is crucial for the safety and longevity of the structure. The most common screw size for 5/4 cedar decking is #8, 3 deck screws. However, the optimal screw size depends on several factors, including the thickness of the deck boards, the material used, and the spacing between joists. For cedar decking, it is recommended to use screws ranging from 2 1/2 to 3 in length. This ensures sufficient penetration into the joist for a secure connection. To avoid the need for pre-drilling and reduce the risk of splitting, consider using screws with serrated threads near the tip.
Screw Size for 5/4 Cedar
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Screw Length | 2 1/2″ to 3″ |
Screw Type | Deck screws |
Screw Material | Coated steel or stainless steel |
Screw Head | Bugle head |
Screw Threads | Serrated threads near the tip |
Screw Spacing | 16″ on center |
What You'll Learn
Softwood cedar requires shorter screws
Softwood cedar is a popular choice for decking, paneling, and outdoor furniture due to its good looks, light weight, usability, and weather-resistant properties. However, its softness requires special consideration when it comes to selecting the appropriate screws for any project involving this type of wood.
Cedar belongs to the group of plants known as "gymnosperms," which includes most conifers such as pine and fir trees. While it is not as strong as some other softwoods like Douglas fir, cedar is still frequently used for structural elements in architectural designs, including exposed posts, beams, and rafters. Its warm red tones and creamy sapwood streaks make it a desirable natural wood finish for ceilings, walls, and wainscoting.
When working with cedar, it is important to select the appropriate type and size of screws. Cedar is a softwood, and as such, it requires shorter screws to avoid splitting the wood. Using longer screws can result in the wood cracking or the screws themselves shearing. To prevent this, it is recommended to use shorter screws, such as #10 or #12 screws, and to pre-drill pilot holes to avoid splitting.
In addition to the length of the screws, the material and coating of the screws are also important considerations. Stainless steel screws are often recommended for cedar decking due to their reasonable price and self-drilling tips. However, some people have experienced issues with stainless steel screws stripping and shearing, especially when torqued down. As an alternative, galvanized steel screws with a proprietary coating can be used. These screws provide better resistance to staining and corrosion but are more expensive.
Another factor to keep in mind is the type of fastening system used. Some people prefer hidden fastening systems, such as the Deckmaster or Dek-clips, to achieve a clean look without visible fasteners. These systems can also help prevent staining and provide a more consistent appearance.
In summary, when working with softwood cedar, it is important to select shorter screws to avoid splitting the wood. Pre-drilling pilot holes can also help prevent this issue. The type of screw material and coating, as well as the fastening system used, should be carefully considered to ensure the best results and avoid common issues associated with cedar's softness.
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2 1/2 to 3 screws are recommended for 5/4 x 6 cedar deck boards
When building a deck, it is crucial to select the appropriate screw size to ensure the structure's longevity and safety. The thickness of the deck boards is the primary factor in determining screw size.
A 5/4 x 6 cedar deck board has a finished thickness of one inch. For these boards, 2 1/2" to 3" screws are generally recommended. This length ensures that the screw penetrates sufficiently into the joist below, providing a secure connection. Using screws in this length range will also help to prevent the wood from splitting.
Cedar is a softwood, so you don't need an extremely long screw. A 2 1/2" screw is usually sufficient for softwoods like cedar and pine. These woods are softer, so a shorter screw will still provide a sturdy connection without risking damage to the wood.
The standard joist spacing for residential decks is 16" on-center, but if your joists are spaced wider apart, you may need to use longer screws or add an additional screw for added security. For a 5/4 x 6 cedar deck board, a 2 1/2" to 3" screw will typically be long enough to span the gap between the deck board and the joist, even with wider joist spacing.
It's important to consider safety when selecting screw size. Ensure that the screw penetrates deep enough into the joist—a good rule of thumb is to have at least 1" of the screw embedded in the joist. This will provide a secure connection and reduce the risk of the deck board popping up over time.
In addition to size, the type of screw is also important. Deck screws are specifically designed for outdoor use and are typically made of coated steel or stainless steel to resist corrosion. For softwoods like cedar, coated steel screws are generally suitable, but for hardwoods like Ipe or Teak, only use stainless steel screws to avoid staining.
When installing cedar deck boards, it is recommended to leave a small gap between the boards for drainage. Cedar decking should be installed with a 1/16"–1/8" gap, which will expand to 1/8"–1/4" once the wood has dried. This gap is important to prevent water pooling, which can lead to rot and an unsafe deck.
By following these guidelines and choosing the right screw size and type for your 5/4 x 6 cedar deck boards, you can create a sturdy, long-lasting, and safe outdoor living space.
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Stainless steel or coated steel are suitable for cedar
When it comes to selecting the right type of screws for 5/4 cedar decking, there are a few factors to consider, including the environment and the desired level of corrosion resistance. While stainless steel or coated steel screws are both suitable options, there are some important differences to keep in mind.
Stainless steel screws are known for their superior corrosion resistance, making them ideal for applications where the screws may be exposed to moisture, condensation, or other corrosive materials. If you are installing cedar decking in a moist climate or an area that receives minimal rain, stainless steel screws can provide added protection against corrosion and rust. Additionally, if you are using Western Red Cedar or Alaskan Yellow Cedar, stainless steel screws are recommended as these types of wood can cause corrosion in other fasteners.
On the other hand, coated steel screws, such as hot-dipped galvanized screws, are also suitable for cedar decking. Galvanized screws offer a good level of corrosion resistance and are widely used and economical. However, it is important to note that galvanized nails can eventually rust and may stain cedar, especially red cedar. If the nails are not exposed, staining may not be a concern, and galvanized nails can last the life of the cladding.
Another option mentioned in some sources is the use of coated screws, such as the GRK trim screws, which are coated with a proprietary coating that provides additional protection. These types of screws can be a good alternative if you are looking for enhanced corrosion resistance without the cost of stainless steel.
Ultimately, the decision between stainless steel and coated steel screws depends on the specific requirements of your project. If you are looking for maximum corrosion resistance and longevity, stainless steel is the superior option. However, if cost is a concern and the nails will not be exposed, coated steel screws can also provide adequate performance for cedar decking.
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Pilot holes are recommended to prevent cedar splitting
When working with cedar, it is important to consider the wood's softness and propensity for splitting. Pilot holes are small pre-drilled holes that create a pathway for screws or nails, preventing the wood from splitting and making it easier to drive in fasteners. While cedar's softness makes it easier to drill into, it also increases the likelihood of splitting. Therefore, when working with cedar, it is recommended to use pilot holes to prevent this issue.
The process of creating pilot holes involves selecting a drill bit slightly smaller than the diameter of the screws being used. Mark the locations for the screws, secure the cedar in place, and then drill the pilot holes. Finally, insert the screws into the pilot holes and tighten them. This technique ensures that the cedar remains intact and free from splitting.
It is worth noting that the dryness of the cedar can impact its tendency to split. Older, drier cedar is more prone to splitting, while fresh wood is softer and less likely to split but may deform more easily. As such, it is recommended to work with semi-dry cedar to balance these factors.
Additionally, using sharp drill bits intended for wood drilling is crucial. Dull drill bits can increase the risk of wood splitting. Applying soap to the drill bits can also help by providing extra lubrication and preventing wood fibres from tearing.
When drilling into thin pieces of cedar, using a cardboard backing underneath can help prevent an outburst of wood fragments. For thicker blocks of cedar, pilot holes are typically not necessary unless drilling from the side, in which case the wood may split.
In summary, when working with cedar, especially for outdoor projects like deck-making or fencing, it is recommended to use pilot holes to prevent splitting. By following the proper techniques and considering the unique properties of cedar, you can ensure a successful and long-lasting project.
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Screw colour and finish are important if they will be visible
When it comes to choosing the right screw size for 5/4 cedar decking, there are a few important considerations to keep in mind. Firstly, it is recommended to use a 1/16"-1/8" gap (2-3mm) during installation, which will expand to 1/8-1/4" (3-6mm) as the wood dries. This gap is crucial for proper drainage and to prevent water pooling, which can lead to rot and safety issues. While there are different methods for fastening cedar decking, such as nails or hidden fasteners, screws are also a common choice.
Now, let's discuss why screw colour and finish are important, especially when they will be visible. The colour and finish of a screw are not just about aesthetics; they can also provide important functional benefits. Here are some reasons why screw colour and finish are crucial, especially when they will be visible:
- Appearance: One of the primary reasons to consider screw colour and finish is to achieve the desired aesthetic for your project. Visible screws can enhance the overall design of a piece of furniture or structure. For example, if you're building a deck with cedar wood, you might choose "oxidized" silicon bronze screws, which will eventually blend in with the colour of the wood. Statuary bronze screws, with their antique appearance, are perfect for mounting cabinet and door hardware, adding a touch of elegance to your project.
- Corrosion Resistance: Different screw finishes offer varying levels of corrosion resistance, which is essential for outdoor applications or projects exposed to moisture. For instance, stainless steel screws provide the ultimate corrosion resistance for woodworking projects. On the other hand, black phosphate coatings on screws offer corrosion resistance and act as a foundation for additional coatings or painting.
- Durability: The finish of a screw can also indicate the durability of the fastener. For instance, hot-dip galvanizing, a process that involves coating screws in molten zinc, provides excellent corrosion protection for outdoor applications or environments where chemicals are present. This finish is not only durable but also the most expensive surface treatment method.
- Environmental Considerations: Depending on the environment in which the screws will be used, certain finishes are more suitable than others. For instance, if your project involves saltwater exposure, you might opt for 316 stainless steel screws, which have more nickel content and perform better in such conditions.
- Cost: The cost of the surface treatment method is an important consideration. While some treatments, like hot-dip galvanizing, offer superior corrosion protection, they also come with a higher price tag. On the other hand, oxidation (blackening) is the simplest and most affordable method, although it provides no corrosion protection.
- Performance: Screw colour and finish can impact the performance of the fastener. For example, nickel plating can increase durability and visual appeal, making it suitable for decorative applications. Zinc plating, on the other hand, provides good corrosion protection for screws used in a variety of environments.
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Frequently asked questions
For 5/4 x 6 deck boards with a finished thickness of one inch, 2 1/2" to 3" screws are generally recommended.
Yes, if your joists are spaced wider than the standard 16" on center, you may need to use longer screws or add an additional screw for better security.
Pre-drilling is not necessary for cedar, except when you are close to the end of a board to prevent splitting.
Deck screws made of coated or stainless steel are suitable for cedar decking. Softwood cedar requires shorter screws than hardwoods like Ipe or Teak.
Hidden fasteners provide a great look and longer-lasting deck boards, but top-side screws provide better stiffness for the deck.