Choosing The Right Wood Screw Size For Fences

When building a wooden fence, it's important to use the right type and size of screws to ensure durability and aesthetic appeal. The size of the screws will depend on the nature of the installation. For attaching pre-assembled panels to fence posts, screws that are 3 1/2 to 4 inches long are typically used. On the other hand, shorter screws of about 1 1/2 to 1 3/4 inches are recommended for attaching individual pickets to backer rails. The diameter of the screw, or the gauge, is another important consideration, with #8 gauge being the most common choice for most applications.

Screw length: 3 1/2-4 inches for panels to posts, 1 1/2-1 3/4 inches for pickets to rails

When building a wooden fence, it is important to use the right type of screws to ensure the long-term performance and style of your fence. The length of the screw will depend on the nature of the install.

If you are attaching pre-assembled panels to fence posts, you should opt for screws that are 3 1/2 to 4 inches long. This length will provide sufficient strength and durability for your fence.

On the other hand, if you are attaching individual pickets to backer rails, a shorter screw length is sufficient. In this case, you can use screws that are 1 1/2 to 1 3/4 inches long.

It is worth noting that the diameter of the screw, also known as the gauge, is another important consideration. Screw gauges typically range from #2 to #16, and the appropriate size will depend on the weight and thickness of the wood you are working with. For most applications, a #8 gauge screw is suitable. However, if you are working with heavy or thick wood, a larger gauge such as #12 or #14 may be more appropriate.

In addition to screw length and gauge, the material and type of screw are also factors to consider when building a wooden fence. Selecting the appropriate fastener material will depend on the type of wood you are using to ensure compatibility and prevent any adverse reactions that may compromise the structural integrity of your fence.

By choosing the right screw length and considering other factors such as gauge, material, and type, you can ensure the success of your wooden fence project.

Screw gauge: #8 for most applications, #12-#14 for heavy/thick wood, #6 for fine woodworking

When selecting the right screw gauge for your wood fence, you need to consider the type of wood and the specific requirements of your project.

Screw Gauge #8 for Most Applications

Screw gauge #8 is typically the most suitable for general-purpose applications. It offers a good balance between size and strength, making it versatile enough for a range of wood fence projects.

Screw Gauge #12 to #14 for Heavy/Thick Wood

If you're working with heavy or thick wood, opt for a larger screw gauge like #12 or #14. These screws have a thicker diameter, providing increased holding power and ensuring a secure connection.

Screw Gauge #6 for Fine Woodworking

For delicate or intricate woodworking projects, a smaller screw gauge like #6 is often the best choice. This gauge is ideal when you need a strong, yet discreet, fastening solution without compromising the appearance of your workpiece.

It's important to note that screw gauge is just one factor to consider when choosing screws for your wood fence. The length, material, and type of screw are also crucial, as is the type of wood you're working with. Always refer to the manufacturer's recommendations and consider seeking advice from a professional contractor to ensure you select the most appropriate fasteners for your specific project.

Screw type: lag, deck, silicon bronze, or galvanised

When building a wooden fence, it is important to select the right type of screw for the material you are using. The most common types of screws used for wood fences are lag screws, deck screws, silicon bronze screws, and galvanised screws.

Lag screws are used for heavy planking and tall wooden fences. They have hexagonal heads, which provide strong bonding characteristics. They come in a variety of materials, including stainless steel, silicon bronze, galvanised, and uncoated steel.

Deck screws, also known as "green screws", are ideal for pressure-treated wood. They are coated with an epoxy layer to protect the wood from corrosion. Deck screws come in a variety of diameters, lengths, and types, such as Phillips head or square drive.

Silicon bronze screws are made of a rust-resistant metal alloy, making them perfect for wood fences built near water, such as riverbanks, lakes, or oceans, where moisture is prevalent.

Galvanised screws are recommended for untreated wood, such as redwood and cedar. The galvanisation process coats the screws with zinc, which helps prevent the wood from staining, rusting, or discolouring.

Each type of screw has unique characteristics and is suitable for specific types of wood or environmental conditions. By choosing the right screw type, you can ensure the durability and longevity of your wooden fence.

Screw head: Phillips, square, or star drive

The type of screw head you opt for is important as it will determine the kind of screwdriver you need to use. Here are some common options:

Phillips Screw Head

Phillips-head screws, also known as "crosshead" screws, are identified by their cross-shaped recesses and are commonly used in a wide range of applications. They offer the benefit of self-centring, which is particularly useful on automated production lines that use powered screwdrivers. Phillips screws were first patented by John P. Thompson in 1932, but it was Henry Frank Phillips who drove the concept forward and formed the Phillips Screw Company in 1934.

Square Screw Head

Square-head screws have a square recess and require a square-head screwdriver for installation. They are available in various sizes and can be purchased individually or as part of a set.

Star Screw Head

Star-head screws, also known as Robertson screws, feature a unique star-shaped pattern and are commonly used in woodworking and furniture assembly. They are designed to prevent cam-out, a type of screw strip that occurs when a screwdriver slips out of the head of the screw due to too much force being applied.

When choosing between Phillips, square, or star drive screw heads for your wood fence, consider the availability of the corresponding screwdriver and the specific requirements of your project. All three types of screw heads can provide secure fastening, but the right choice depends on personal preference and the specific characteristics of your fence construction.

Screw material: stainless steel, polymer-coated, or galvanised

When choosing the material of your screws, there are a few options to consider: stainless steel, polymer-coated, or galvanised. Each material has its own advantages and is suited to different types of wood. Here is an overview:

Stainless Steel Screws

Stainless steel screws are a popular choice for wood fence building due to their strength and durability. They are known for their corrosion resistance, making them ideal for outdoor use. Stainless steel screws are available in various grades, with 304 and 316 being the most common. Grade 304 is suitable for general applications, while grade 316 offers superior corrosion resistance, making it a better choice for coastal areas or high humidity environments. Stainless steel screws are also available in different head types, such as flat head or hex head, allowing for a secure connection. They are often used in combination with other materials, such as silicon bronze, galvanised, or uncoated screws.

Polymer-Coated Screws

Polymer-coated screws offer enhanced protection against corrosion and are commonly used in wood fence construction. The polymer coating acts as a barrier between the screw and the elements, providing an extra layer of protection. This coating can be made from natural or synthetic polymers, each offering unique properties. Natural polymers, such as cellulose, provide an eco-friendly option, while synthetic polymers like polystyrene offer high durability. Polymer-coated screws are an excellent choice for pressure-treated wood, as they help prevent the wood from corroding and ensure the longevity of the fence.

Galvanised Screws

Galvanised screws are coated with a layer of zinc, which provides protection against corrosion and rust. There are two types of galvanised screws: hot-dipped galvanised and zinc-plated galvanised. Hot-dipped galvanised screws are created by immersing the screws in molten zinc, resulting in a thick coating that provides superior corrosion resistance. Zinc-plated galvanised screws, on the other hand, have a thinner zinc coating that is applied through electroplating or dipping. Galvanised screws are an excellent choice for non-pressure-treated wood and are known for their affordability and ease of use. They are also available in different varieties, such as double hot-dipped galvanised, which offers even greater protection.

In summary, the choice between stainless steel, polymer-coated, or galvanised screws depends on the type of wood being used, the level of corrosion resistance required, and the desired aesthetic. Each material offers unique benefits, and it is essential to consider the specific needs of your wood fence project before making a decision. Consulting with a professional or referring to manufacturer recommendations can also help ensure that you make the best choice for your fence.

Frequently asked questions